Today, it is the most commonly applied diagnostic tool for non-invasive anatomic investigations of vascular – venous as well as arterial – structures. It combines the ultrasonographic technique with the physical doppler principle, thus allowing for a good display of the vessels under examination, the identification of their actual anatomy, and the presence of any stenosis or atheromasic plaques. With this imaging technique, bloodstream amount, direction, and velocity can be accurately invesigated. An accurate study of vascular, especially venous, structures, with color-Doppler ultrasound is key for proper lymphatic edema assessment. Indeed, it is necessary to identify any concurrent venous insufficiency, since it could worsen the clinical picture, or the presence of arterial insufficiency, in which case a prolonged application of elastic bandaging should not be recommended.